Your identity is one of your most valuable possessions. It’s not something you can hold in your hands, but it represents everything about you, such as your financial history, your medical records or your reputation.

In today’s connected world, protecting that identity requires some new habits, but they’re simpler than you might think.

What Is Identity Theft, Really?

Identity theft happens when someone uses your personal information—your name, Social Security number, credit card numbers, or other details—to pretend to be you. They might open credit cards in your name, file fake tax returns to steal your refund, or access your bank accounts. The consequences can take months or even years to untangle.

Seniors are particularly attractive targets for identity thieves. Many have good credit built over decades, receive regular Social Security or pension payments, and may be less familiar with digital security practices.

Protecting Your Social Security Number

Your Social Security number is the master key to your identity. Never carry your Social Security card in your wallet—leave it in a secure place at home. Be extremely cautious about sharing this number, even with people who seem legitimate.

Legitimate organizations rarely need your full Social Security number. Your doctor’s office might ask for it, but you can often provide just the last four digits. If someone insists they need your complete number, ask why, and verify their identity before providing it.

Creating Strong Passwords

Passwords are the locks on your digital doors, and a weak password is like leaving your front door unlocked. Strong passwords are longer (at least 12 characters), mix letters, numbers, and symbols, and don’t use obvious information like birthdays or pet names.

Consider using a passphrase, which is a short sentence that’s easy for you to remember but hard for others to guess. Something like “MyGrandsonLoves2PlayBaseball!” is much stronger than “password123” and easier to remember than random characters.

Use different passwords for different accounts. If one password is compromised, the thief shouldn’t be able to access everything. A password manager app can help you keep track of multiple passwords securely.

Shredding Sensitive Documents

Identity theft isn’t just a digital problem. Thieves still dig through trash looking for bank statements, credit card offers, and medical bills. Before discarding any document with personal information, shred it. A basic cross-cut shredder costs around $30 and is a worthwhile investment.

Pay attention to what arrives in your mailbox, too. If expected statements stop arriving, it could mean someone has redirected your mail. Report any suspicious changes immediately.

Monitoring Your Accounts

Review your bank and credit card statements at least monthly. Look for any charges you don’t recognize, even small ones. Thieves often test stolen card numbers with small purchases before making larger ones.

You’re entitled to one free credit report per year from each of the three major credit bureaus. Consider checking one every four months, rotating between bureaus. Look for accounts you didn’t open or inquiries you didn’t authorize.

What to Do If You Suspect Identity Theft

If you believe your identity has been compromised, don’t panic—but do act quickly.

• Contact your bank and credit card companies immediately to report the issue and freeze affected accounts.
• Place a fraud alert on your credit reports by contacting any one of the three major bureaus (Equifax, Experian, or TransUnion)—they’re required to notify the other two. File a report with the Federal Trade Commission at IdentityTheft.gov, and consider filing a police report. Keep detailed records of every call you make and letter you send.

Recovery takes time, but with persistence, you can reclaim your good name.