The internet is like a vast city. There are wonderful neighborhoods full of useful information, entertainment, and ways to connect with loved ones. But like any city, there are also areas best avoided and precautions worth taking. With a few sensible habits, you can explore the web confidently and safely.
Understanding Web Addresses
Every website has an address, just like a house. Learning to read these addresses helps you know where you’re going.
A web address (also called a URL) usually starts with “https://” followed by the website name. That “s” in “https” stands for “secure” and means the connection between your device and the website is encrypted so others can’t easily intercept your information.
Before entering any personal information such as passwords, credit card numbers, and addresses, check that the website address begins with “https://” and look for a small padlock icon in your browser’s address bar. These indicate a secure connection. Be wary of websites that lack these security indicators, especially if they’re asking for sensitive information.
Recognizing Suspicious Websites
Fake websites often mimic legitimate ones to steal your information. A site might look exactly like your bank’s website but have a slightly different address—”bankofamerica-secure.com” instead of “bankofamerica.com.”
If you know the exact web address, you can type it directly into your browser. This can be a way to safeguard against accidentally going to a malicious website that is commonly impersonated.
Watch for other warning signs that the website is fake: poor spelling and grammar, low-quality images, requests for information legitimate sites wouldn’t need, and offers that seem too good to be true. If something feels off about a website, trust your instincts and navigate away.
The Dangers of Public Wi-Fi
Free Wi-Fi at coffee shops, libraries, and airports is convenient, but it comes with risks. On public networks, skilled hackers can potentially see what you’re doing online. Avoid accessing bank accounts, making purchases, or entering passwords while connected to public Wi-Fi.
If you must use public Wi-Fi, stick to general browsing such as reading news, checking weather, or watching videos. Save anything involving personal information for when you’re on a trusted network, like your home Wi-Fi.
Dealing With Pop-ups and Ads
Pop-up windows can be annoying, but some are dangerous. Be especially cautious of pop-ups claiming your computer is infected or that you’ve won a prize. Never click on these or call any phone numbers they display. Instead, close the pop-up by clicking the X in its corner, or if necessary, close your entire browser.
Consider installing an ad blocker, which isa browser extension that prevents most ads and pop-ups from appearing. Your web browser’s settings also include options to block pop-ups.
Keeping Your Browser and Operating System Updated
Web browsers like Chrome, Safari, Firefox, and Edge regularly release updates that fix security vulnerabilities. Using an outdated browser is like leaving a window unlocked and creates an entry point for problems such as hackers. Allow your browser to update automatically and restart it when prompted to complete necessary updates.
The same applies to your device’s operating system. Whether you use a computer, tablet, or smartphone, keeping the software updated closes security holes that hackers might otherwise exploit.
Safe Searching Habits
When searching for information, stick to well-known search engines like Google or Bing.
For sensitive searches such as health information, financial advice, and government services, try to go directly to trusted sources. Official government websites end in “.gov,” and established organizations have recognizable web addresses. When in doubt, verify the source before trusting the information.
Building Good Habits
Safe browsing becomes second nature with practice. Log out of accounts when you’re finished, especially on shared devices. Clear your browsing history periodically. Be thoughtful about what personal information you share on any website. And remember, it’s always okay to slow down, ask questions, and seek help when something online confuses or concerns you.
